The monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba is one of the most historic monastic constructions in Valencia and located near Alfauir, a village about eight kilometres outside Gandia.
The Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba, located near Alfauir in the province of Valencia, Spain, is a remarkable historical site that reflects centuries of religious, cultural, and architectural development. Founded in the 14th century, this monastery has witnessed the rise and fall of empires, the transformation of religious practices, and the enduring influence of the Jerónimos order in Spain.
Foundation and Early History
The origins of the Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba date back to 1374 when it was founded by Alfonso of Aragon, the Duke of Gandia. The monastery was established as a religious house for the Jerónimos, a Catholic monastic order known for their dedication to prayer, study, and manual labor. The site chosen for the monastery was strategically located in the fertile lands of the Safor region, providing the monks with the necessary resources to sustain their contemplative lifestyle.
The initial construction of the monastery was modest, but it quickly grew in both size and importance. The Jerónimos were well-connected to the royal family and the nobility, which brought significant donations and endowments to the monastery. This financial support enabled the expansion of the complex, and by the late 15th century, Sant Jeroni de Cotalba had become one of the most prominent monastic centers in the Kingdom of Valencia.
Architectural Development
The Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba is an architectural masterpiece that reflects various styles and periods, having been built and modified over several centuries. The original Gothic structure is still evident in parts of the building, particularly in the cloister, which features pointed arches and ribbed vaulting. However, as the monastery expanded, it incorporated elements of Renaissance, Baroque, and Mudéjar styles.
One of the most striking features of the monastery is the Mudéjar tower, an example of the Islamic-influenced architectural style that was prevalent in Spain during the medieval period. The tower’s intricate brickwork and geometric designs contrast beautifully with the more austere Gothic elements of the monastery, creating a unique and harmonious blend of styles.
The Renaissance influence is particularly evident in the church and the main cloister, which were redesigned during the 16th century. The church’s ornate altarpiece, with its detailed carvings and gilding, is a testament to the artistic achievements of this period. The cloister, with its elegant arches and serene courtyard, remains one of the most peaceful and contemplative spaces within the monastery.
Historical Significance
Throughout its history, the Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba played a significant role in the religious and cultural life of the region. It was a center of learning and spiritual guidance, attracting scholars, theologians, and members of the nobility. The monastery’s library was particularly renowned for its collection of manuscripts and books, many of which were produced by the monks themselves.
The monastery also had close ties to the Borgia family, one of the most powerful and influential families in Renaissance Spain. The Borgia dukes of Gandia were patrons of the monastery, and several members of the family, including the infamous Pope Alexander VI, were associated with the Jerónimos.
Decline and Modern Era
The decline of the Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba began in the 19th century, following the Spanish government’s secularization policies, which included the confiscation of church properties. The monastery was abandoned in 1835 during the Desamortización de Mendizábal, a series of laws that resulted in the dissolution of many religious institutions in Spain.
For many years, the monastery fell into disrepair, but it was eventually acquired by private owners who undertook its restoration. Today, the Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba is a protected cultural site, recognized for its historical and architectural significance. It is open to the public, allowing visitors to explore its rich history and appreciate the beauty of its architecture.
The Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the Jerónimos order and the rich cultural heritage of Spain. Through its walls, one can trace the evolution of religious life, art, and architecture over several centuries, making it a vital link to the past and an important symbol of Spain’s historical journey.
In 1994, the monastery was declared as an item of cultural interest (BIC), and is now being restored. The doors were opened to the public on May 26, 2005. The restoration work has been carried out on the area behind the church’s retable and Nicolas Borrás painting gallery. Nowadays, most of the monastery is open to visitors, click here to book tickets.
